Christine+HJ+Kim

Assignemnt 9

How did the Church attempt to enhance the quality of life in medieval Europe? They exclaimed that people should act as the body parts, working together. The Church is all about relieving the poor. The idea was helping others. When some stupid kings were playing around, the church acted as the peasant’s hope. They brought society together, by dividing it into classes with given work. Perhaps the Church divided Europe into two powers. The Kings, and the Church’s. The Church became to dominant. They provided more order because they said if you act rashly you would be condemned by god. No. The peasants and people believed thoroughly in god.
 * 1) Why do you think medieval peasants would support the Church?
 * 1) How did the Church bring about an increase in political stability in Europe?
 * 1) How were a feudal manor and a monastic community similar?
 * 2) What were some of the problems and abuses that arose within the medieval Church?
 * 1) Did the Church provide for greater or less order in medieval society?
 * 1) Could a bishop or abbot be a feudal lord as well?
 * 1) Why do you think that the European Middle Ages is known as the "Age of Faith?"

Canon law the body of codified laws governing the affairs of a Christian church

Monastery A house of religious retirement, or of secusion from ordinary temporal concerns, especially for monks; - more rarely applied to such a house for females.

Monk A man who retires from the ordinary temporal concerns of the world, and devotes himself to religion; one of a religious community of men inhabiting a monastery, and bound by vows to a life of chastity, obedience, and poverty.

Abbot The superior or head of an abbey.

Nun A woman devoted to a religious life, who lives in a convent, under the three vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience.

Covent A coming together; a meeting.

Benedictine Rule This work holds the first place among monastic legislative codes.

Law of Primogeniture the ancient rule from feudal England

Simony The selling and buying of holy orders, or an ecclesiastical benefice

Tithe A tenth part of one's annual income contributed voluntarily or due as a tax, especially for the support of the clergy or church.

Peter’s Pence A tenth part of one's annual income contributed voluntarily or due as a tax, especially for the support of the clergy or church.

The Medieval Church

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After Rome had fallen, disease and warfare became common and the trade and industries shrank. People once again became dependent in agriculture and herding. Communication was hard because the roads were gone so the people who lived in communities didn’t know what threat was coming. Peasants lived when famine and death was common. So, people seemed to seek refuge in the monasteries. Religion was their hope. Manuscripts that are copied by the monks still exist. Then Saint Benedict appeared. He let his comfortable noble life and chose to live as a monk. Saint Benedict was too strict to be an Abbot. The monks from the church who were used to being served attempted to poison the Saint. The Saint went out and made 12 monasteries. Men believed that women were controlled by demons or evil.

The Vikings The Vikings originated from Scandinavia. In the 1800, archaeologists found a grave ship that was used as a tomb and contained the goods the owner needed to take with him to the after life. The Vikings made good, strong boats. The Vikings buried the people in their ships because they believed that they would go on another journey. The Vikings would go to any of the villages and raid it, killing the weak and making profit. The Vikings soon became tired of raiding in their own territory; they started to build ships to go to farther places to invade. The Viking would always have the same designs. The boats were swift like lightning. Each Norse village acted independently.

Social Studies Assignment 6 __//Food and Feasts//__ In Northern Europe, they used sheep and cattle for meat, and in the south, they used vegetables, fruits and herbs. There were banquets, where everyone was invited to eat, with the right table manners. They used hard stale bread as plates and real silver plates were rarely given out. Meat and fish were smoked and dried to make it last longer. The kitchen was always full of busy working people. //__Weapons__// Many weapons were used in the Middle Ages. Swords were preferably used by nights, but weapons were used for each knight’s different specialty. For example, a short ax was used for crushing more than agility. Archers on the other hand, used bows and arrows. Longbows were harder to pull because it was made by stave or yew and made to match the owner’s height. //__Medieval Monks__// The first step in becoming a monk is when your parents send you or give you to the monastery to be an oblate. After you become one, you take the vows and become a novice. And after that, if the abbot grants you a raise in position you become a monk. Before they could become a monk, they have to throw everything away and follow strict rules. Monks would also write and illustrate manuscripts in the Scriptorium. So, now you know, that in order to become a monk, you need to receive a certain level of education.

=**__Knight Writing Recipe__**=
 * 5/14

Knight Tristan the Peacemaker is the cautious knight of all. He is from the Kingdom of Ostrogoths, the eastern division of the Goths that had split into western and eastern kingdoms. His eyes are large and bright, the color of the pale blue sky. His voice is a deep baritone, not demanding, but stern and with authority. Tristan has a full mouth that has an easy smile and white teeth. He is of slight build, but don’t let that fool you! He wears boots and prefers tunics without sleeves, but, when he rides to war, he wears his shiny armor along with his stallion. He is relaxed most of the time, but inside, he is very nervous and tense. Tristan usually carries Polearm weapons like the Halberd, a weapon with an ax blade balanced by a pick with a long pike head at the end of the staff, to use it for spreading a distance from the horseman and striking a fatal blow that was usually hard to recover from. He also has his own personal items, and among them are the bow and arrows. He exclaims it comes in handy at shooting from far distances without any warning to the enemy. He also says it is very light, so he does not have to carry heavy items like the lance or a sword. His interests lay in hunting and literature. He believes that every knight should have a good education and should be able to hunt to practice their skills without resting.**

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=**Fall of Rome --> Barbarians(Jutes,etc) --> Clovis(King of tribe that tries to organize civilization) --> Feudalism --> Charlemagne --> Vikings(barbarian tribe) --> Arthur's Legend**=

=**--> Black Death**=

= =

=Middle Ages**= 5/11 Assignment 1 1. Since these barbarian tribes were in the "Dark Ages", do you think they were friendly towards each other? Why or why not? They were not friendly with each other, surly, because they were running out of resources and goods.

2. One of the tribes we didn't study was called the Merovingian’s. Who were the Merovingians? (Use source 1 to answer this question.) The largest of the Germanic tribes settled in lands that are parts of western Germany, and France. There were kings called Merovingian tribe.

3. Who was Clovis and why was his conversion to Christianity important in history? (Use source 2) Clovis was a brutal Merovingian king who encouraged people to convert to Christianity. This was critical of Christians later on defend their religion from invading Muslims.

Assignment 2 1. What is considered the beginning of the Middle Ages? Considered the Dark Ages.

2. What is the Latin name for the Middle Ages? Medieval

3. Why do you think the Middle Ages are often called the "Dark Ages"? What was the only hope for people during these difficult times? Often called the Dark Ages because it was almost the downfall of every civilization and it was hard to live. Their strong belief was Christianity, a symbol of hope.

4. While Europe was in the "Dark Ages", what was happening in the rest of the world? Other civilizations like the Muslims in the Middle East and North Africa was flourishing and their education level was high.

5. How long did the "Dark Ages" last and what year did they end The Dark Ages ended in about 1450. And lasted for about 800 years.

6. What does Renaissance mean and what happened during this time? Means rebirth and the beginning of a modern history where people made many discoveries.

Assignment 3 Clovis and future Merovingian kings ruled the Frankish Kingdom for about 200 years (481 C.E. to 700 C.E.). Then came Charlemagne, who was the son of Pepin the Short. Answer the following questions using the sources above.

1. How did Charlemagne and the Franks turn their kingdom into an empire? Charlemagne encouraged learning; counts were instructed personally from Charlemagne.

2. What did Charlemagne do to educate people? Collected scholars and worked to preserve ancient texts and records.

3. How and why did Charlemagne preserve ancient texts? Charlemagne worked to preserve them to give them to their future generation.


 * 1) Middle Ages: The creation of small kingdoms marked the Middle Ages
 * 2) medieval: Another name for Middle Ages
 * 3) Patrick: was a monk who helped the Irish convert to Christianity.
 * 4) monks: religious men who lived apart from society.
 * 5) monasteries: communities of monks
 * 6) Benedict: an Italian monk made rules in the early 500s.
 * 7) Charlemagne: A brilliant leader who led the Franks in building a huge empire.

1. a. How are monks and monasteries related? The monks and nuns lived apart in special communities called monasteries.

b. Why did missionaries travel to northern Europe? To teach people in northern kingdoms about Christianity.

c. Why do you think monks followed such strict rules? Had to follow the rules that were intended to help them live as good Christians.

2. a. What is Charlemagne famous for? A brilliant leader who led the Franks in building a huge empire.

b. What do you think Charlemagne’s greatest accomplishment was? Why? He led the Franks in building an empire. And he conquered parts of the former Roman Empire. 3. a. What areas of Europe did the Vikings raid? Britain, Ireland, and other parts of western Europe.

b. Why were people in Europe so frightened of Viking raids? They looted towns and monasteries and took prisoners to sell into slavery and attack was unpredictable.

4. Using your notes, determine which events brought unity to Europe and which brought division or disruption. Write your answers in the interactive graphic organizer.

5. Now you see why you might need the protection of knights. Look back at your list and add to it. What services might you hire knights to perform? A nobleman or warrior is referred to as a knight. If a boy reached the age seven, he would be sent to live in a castle with a lord and be an apprentice of a knight. The level is like a page, squire, and then a knight. When the boy or young man graduates from being a squire (about 18 to 21) they go through a knighting ceremony. Knighthood centered on chivalry. The chief weapon of a knight was usually a sword. The knights had their own symbol to identify themselves during battles.I would hire the knights to protect the land (chivalry doesn’t really matter) and be on guard duties. Maybe use them as messengers.

Assignment 1 3/20

1. What is something that didn't surprise you about the information on the map? I wasn’t surprised when I found that India had 124 million, Indonesia had 181 million, and Pakistan had 141 million. 2. Which areas/countries of the world are you surprised have a large Muslim population? I was surprised when I found that the Egyptian population of Muslims was 66 million and the U.S. had 6 million. 3. Which country has the highest Muslim population? Why do you think this country has the highest population? The highest is Indonesia. Maybe one of their rulers in the past were Muslims just like Rome and Constantine accepting Christianity. 4. Why do you think Islam is spread out so much? I think Islam is spread out so much because Muhammad and his followers journeyed far to spread teachings. Maybe, ambassadors and rulers started accepting the religion because it sounded believable. They might have took the practice back to their own country.

Questions 3/19

There is a girl with facial piercings and not wearing a veil while others do. A man from India is muslim too. Some are different then others. Like their races. Location matters in how they look.

Byzantium Empire ppt notes 3/10 1. Rome splits in 330 C.E 2. Capital is called Constantinople 3. Roman Emperor Constantine moved the capital to the East 4. Names it Constantinople after himself 5. Rome weakening resulting the moving of Rome's capital - political troubles - barbarian invasions - inflation - location(too far away from the provinces of Rome) 6. Byzantium was easy to defend and an ideal place for trade 7. Constantinople thrives while Rome in the West starts to fall 8. Wealth of Byzantium Trade, industry, nomisma(gold coins), Taxes (sale tax, property taxes, income taxes)9. 9. Political (Emperor) Taxes, Treasury, military festivities head of the Orthodox Church 10. System of checks and Balances (nobody can get too strong) The Senate, The Army,The Citizens could choose the emperor and throw him out 11. Strongest military at its height 12. Navy was smaller than the army, but they had Greek Fire(bronze lion that shot across the water and burn the enemy vessels on fire. Could not be put out with water.

[[file:Greek Vocabulary_Christine HJ Kim .doc][[image:peloponnesian.gif]]

Assignment 5 1.
 * Britannia, Asia, Syria
 * Britain, Asia, Syria

Use website #2 to answer these questions: 2. Where are you from and how were the Romans able to conquer you? I am from Gallia and the Roman invaded our territory more than a 100 years ago.

3. What are two consequences of your defeat? Killed in battle or become a slave.

4. On the way back to Rome, some of your friends have died. Why? They attempted to overthrow Rome in a battle or war.

5. What happens to you in the market? You stand on a platform and the slave dealer asks people to call out prices and the highest bidder owns you.

6. What will you become? What could you have become? Which is better? You become a gladiator or laboring slave. Both are bad choices.

7. Who is your favorite person on staff? Why? My favorite is the Secutor because he is a lightly armed fighter who chases his opponent.

8. Which gladiator do you want to be? Why? I would want to be a Secutor because I hate heavy weapons.

9. How will the crowd be entertained? By fighting ferociously and a lot of blood(?).

10. When can you have a rest? In midday you can rest.

11. How do you appeal to the emperor? You can raise one finger on your left hand.

12. What happens to you? Thumbs down means that you can’t be allowed to live and thumps up means you will live.

Assignment 7

1. The River Rubicon was the boundary where a general had to disband his army before returning to Rome. 2. Pompey didn't stay in Rome to fight Caesar because he didn’t have enough legions. 3. Rome was abandoned in ? B.C. 4. Caesar wanted the money from the Senate for military funds. 5. Caesar got the money from the Senate by sheer force. 6. After defeating Pompey in ........................, Caesar returned to Rome and made himself ........................... . 7. Pompey fled to Egypt and was captured. 8. Caesar stayed in power for ..................... years. 9. Caesar was killed on the Forum by Senators. 10. The Ides of March has become the name of his assassination.(Use this site: Assassination of Caesar)

Assignment 10

1. In what ways did the culture of the Huns differ from that of the Romans? They didn’t need anything to eat except for roots and herbs. They did not have houses or shelter. They used horses all the time.

2. How did the way of life of the Huns give them an advantage against Rome? How was it a disadvantage? The Huns did not have any regular order in battle because they weren’t what people called civilized. But they did have excellent horses and gained endurance and immunity to harsh weathers, etc.

3. Why did the "barbarians" move into the Roman Empire? The Huns forced other tribes to move into the Roman Empire.

4. What routes did these invaders take? They took the Alps into Rome.

5.How were they treated by the Romans when they began moving into the Empire? There was little resistance in the tribes coming in to Rome,

6. Why was Attila so feared? He was the first leader to unite the Huns and plunder 70 cities.

7. Why were the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire initially untouched by barbarian invasions in the 4c and 5c C.E.? The Huns were weakened by famine and disease.